In this section information on funding resources for projects on ecological networks and the Pan-European Ecological Network is provided by emphasizing eligibility for such countries as Bulgaria, Romania, Croatia, Turkey, Ukraine, Serbia and Montenegro, the Russian federation.
|
Bulgaria |
Romania | Croatia | Turkey | Ukraine | Serbia and Montenegro | the Russian Federation | |
| PHARE | x | x | x | x | |||
| ISPA | x | x | x | x | |||
| SAPARD | x | x | x | x | |||
| TACIS | x | x | |||||
| CARDS | x | x | |||||
| IPA | x | x | x | x | x | ||
| FP7 | x | x | x | x | x | x | x |
| BBI Matra | x | x | x | x | x | x | x |
| ADC | x | x | x | x | x | x | |
| Danish Ministry | x | x | x | x | x | ||
| Finnish Ministry | x | ||||||
| FGEF | x | x | x | x | x | x | x |
| Japan Special Fund | x | x | x | x | x | x | x |
| SIDA | x | x | x | x | |||
| SDC | x | x | x | x | x | ||
| PECE | x | x | |||||
| Norwegian Ministry | x | x | x | x | x | x | x |
| EBRD | x | x | x | x | x | x | |
| EIB | x | x | x | x |
1 Pre-accession funds
For the period up to 2006, the Union will provide support under
the three pre-accession instruments to candidate countries: PHARE, ISPA, and
SAPARD. The establishment of the pre-accession funds aims to assist the candidates
in meeting EU standards and complying with the obligations and to prepare
them for effective utilization of the Structural and Cohesion Funds. Pre-accession
funds will have an impact on the candidate countries’ economies, cover
such vital areas as transport, agriculture and the environment in general.
Eligible countries: Bulgaria, Romania, Croatia, Turkey
Source: EU Centre (www.eucenter.org)
PHARE (Instrument for Structural
Policies for Pre-Accession)
PHARE is one of the three financial instruments to assist the candidate countries
in the preparation for accession. Its objectives are:
These orientations were further refined in 1999 with the creation of SAPARD
and ISPA, which took over rural and agricultural development (SAPARD) and
infrastructural projects in the environmental and transport fields (ISPA)
allowing PHARE to focus on its key priorities that were not covered by these
fields.
It is placed under the responsibility of the Enlargement Directorate-General
and run with the support of the PHARE Management Committee.
For the period 2000-2006 an amount of about €11 billion is allocated
to support PHARE-related investment. A major part of this amount is intended
for investments which support institutions responsible for the implementation
of the Community legislation.
Official website: http://ec.europa.eu/enlargement/financial_assistance/phare/index_en.htm
ISPA (Instrument for Structural Policies for
Pre-Accession)
ISPA is one of the three financial instruments (with PHARE and SAPARD) to
assist the candidate countries in the preparation for accession. Over the
period from 2000 to 2006, a total of €1 040 million a year (at 1999 prices)
will be made available for infrastructure projects in the field of environment
and transport.
SAPARD funds amount to €540 million (at 2001 prices) per year.
Its objectives are the following:
It is placed under the responsibility of the Regional Policy Directorate-General.
Official website: http://ec.europa.eu/enlargement/financial_assistance/ispa_en.htm
SAPARD (Special Assistance Programme for Agriculture
and Rural Development)
SAPARD aims to help candidate countries deal with the problems of the structural
adjustment in their agricultural sectors and rural areas, as well as in the
implementation of the acquis communautaire concerning the CAP (Common Agricultural
Policy) and related legislation.
SAPARD priorities:
It is placed under the responsibility of DG Agriculture.
Official website: http://ec.europa.eu/enlargement/financial_assistance/sapard_en.htm
IPA (Instrument for Pre-Accession Assistance)
IPA substitutes the five previously existing pre-accession instruments PHARE, ISPA, SAPARD, Turkey instrument, and CARDS and is uniting under a single legal basis all pre accession assistance for the period 2007-2013. It is placed under the responsibility of the Enlargement Directorate-General.
In particular, IPA will help strengthen democratic institutions and the rule of law, reform public administration, carry out economic reforms, promote respect for human as well as minority rights and gender equality, support the development of civil society and advance regional co-operation, and contribute to sustainable development and poverty reduction.
IPA aims at providing targeted assistance to countries which are candidates and potential candidates for membership to the EU. Beneficiary countries are the following:
In order to achieve each country's objectives in the most efficient way, IPA consists of five different components:
Eligible countries: Bulgaria, Romania, Croatia, FYRO Macedonia, Serbia, Turkey
Official website:
http://ec.europa.eu/enlargement/financial_assistance/ipa/index_en.htm
2 European aid
The European Union provides over €7 billion in external assistance
to more than 150 countries and territories. The purpose? To meet the daily
challenge of improving lives worldwide. How? Building long-term partnerships.
Source: EU Centre (www.eucenter.org)
TACIS (Technical Assistance for the Commonwealth
of Independent States)
The TACIS Programme is a European Union initiative to provide grant-financed
technical assistance to support the process of transition to market economies
and democratic societies in 12 countries of Eastern Europe and Central Asia
(Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Russia,
Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine and Uzbekistan). The TACIS Programme has
become a key instrument of political cooperation between the European Union
and these partner countries.
For the period between 2000 and 2006, €3,138 million have been made
available under the TACIS Programme.
Eligible countries: Ukraine, the Russian Federation
Official programme website: http://ec.europa.eu/comm/external_relations/ceeca/tacis/
EC Delegation to Ukraine, Moldova and Belarus: www.delukr.cec.eu.int/
CARDS (Community Assistance for Reconstruction,
Development and Stabilisation)
CARDS focuses on supporting the participation of Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina,
Croatia, the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia and the Former Yugoslav Republic
of Macedonia in the Stabilisation and Association process (SAP) which is the
cornerstone of the EU’s policy in the region. For the period between
2000 and 2006, €4.6 billion have been made available for the CARDS programme.
Eligible countries: Croatia, Serbia and Montenegro
Official programme website:
http://ec.europa.eu/enlargement
EC Delegation to Croatia: http://www.delhrv.ec.europa.eu/
EC Delegation to the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia:
www.delmkd.cec.eu.int/en/index.htm
EC Delegation to Serbia and Montenegro: www.eudelyug.org/en/index.htm
3 Community programmes
Community Programmes are based on extensive European cooperation,
representing and supporting the integration of Community policies, with the
implementation of multi-annual projects via international consortiums.
The Seventh Framework Programme (FP7)
The Seventh Framework Program for research and technological development (FP7) is the European Union’s chief instrument for funding research over the period 2007 to 2013. The broad objectives of FP7 have been grouped into four categories: Cooperation, Ideas, People and Capacities. For each type of objective, there is a specific programs corresponding to the main areas of EU research policy. All specific programs work together to promote and encourage the creation of European poles of scientific excellence. Each of these programs will be the subject of a specific program.
The ten high level themes proposed for EU action are the following:
It was proposed by the European Commission that the maximum overall amount for Community financial participation in the EC Seventh Framework Program should be EUR 50,521 million for the period 2007-2013.
General provisions for participants
Any company, university, research centre, organization or individual, legally established in any country, may participate in an indirect action provided that the minimum conditions laid down in the Rules for Participation in FP7, have been met, including any additional conditions laid down by specific programs or individual work programs.
While FP7 participants can in principle be based anywhere, there are different categories of country which may have varying eligibility for different specific and work programs:
The calls for proposals under FP7 will be set out in annual work programs which will provide details about topics, timing and implementation. Calls are announced in the Official Journal of the European Union, with the call and any documents relating to it published on CORDIS.
Eligible countries: Bulgaria, Romania, Croatia, Turkey, Ukraine, Serbia and Montenegro, the Russian Federation.
Official website: http://cordis.europa.eu/fp7/home_en.html
4 BBI Matra fund from
the Netherlands
The Dutch Government has since 1996 assigned a special budget, in
the Matra programme of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, for the conservation
and sustainable use of biodiversity in Central and Eastern Europe. Implementation
of this budget is based on an Action Plan. The results show that, with relatively
modest resources, this programme is able to reach many organizations, support
a number of activities, and promote collaboration among Dutch, local and international
organizations. These activities fulfil a clear need and are widely seen as
relevant. The third Action Plan, the ‘BBI-Matra Action Plan 2005-2008’,
was published in April 2005 and has a budget of €4 million per year.
It has 2 instruments: the Subsidy Scheme and the Matra Small Nature Management
Programme (Matra/KNIP). The Subsidy Scheme continues for projects in the candidate
Member States and the eastern neighbours of the enlarged EU; it is not applicable
to new Member States and the EU’s southern neighbours. It is open to
organizations established in the Netherlands and, indirectly, to their partners
in Matra countries.
Eligible countries: Bulgaria, Romania, Croatia, Turkey, Ukraine, Serbia and
Montenegro, the Russian Federation.
Official website: www.proforis.nl
5 Austrian Development
Cooperation and Cooperation with Eastern Europe (ADC) from the Austrian Ministry
of Foreign Affairs
The Austrian Cooperation with Eastern Europe focuses on democratic,
economic, social and ecological development in the reform countries of South-Eastern
Europe and the Newly Independent States as well as their integration in international
economy. Thematic priorities are education, investment and employment, environment,
water and energy, and the rule of law and civil society, crisis prevention
and reconciliation.
Eligible countries: Bulgaria, Romania, Croatia, Ukraine, Serbia and Montenegro,
the Russian Federation.
Official website: www.bmaa.gv.at/view.php3?f_id=165&LNG=en&version=
6 Environmental assistance
to Eastern Europe from the Danish Ministry of the Environment
The Danish Ministry of the Environment has been providing environmental
assistance to Eastern Europe since 1991. The purpose of the assistance is:
to help safeguard environmental and natural resources in Eastern Europe to
the greatest extent possible and reduce transboundary pollution; to help ensure
an environmentally acceptable democratic and market development; and, last
but not least, to promote the transfer of environmental knowledge and technology
from Denmark to the countries of Central and Eastern Europe in the interest
of both the recipient countries and Denmark.
Environmental assistance to Eastern Europe is granted for two main types of
projects: technical assistance – e.g. in the form of physical installations
(investment projects) – is provided for concrete projects within waste
management, drinking water supply, nature management, waste water treatment,
air pollution control, etc., and for projects that strengthen the institutional
administrative system in the environmental sector with a view to improving
the possibility of accession of the Eastern European countries to the EU.
Eligible countries: Bulgaria, Romania, Croatia, Ukraine, the Russian Federation.
Official website: www.mst.dk/homepage/
7 Cooperation framework
of the Finnish Ministry of the Environment
Cooperation projects primarily focus on environmental improvements
in North-west Russia, and particularly on measures to prevent water pollution.
Other fields of cooperation include air protection, conserving biodiversity,
dealing with hazardous wastes and other aspects of waste management.
Eligible countries: the Russian Federation.
Official website: www.ymparisto.fi/default.asp?node=7034&lan=en
8 The French Global
Environment Facility (FGEF)
The FGEF was established in order to promote global environment
through projects for economic and social development. It subsidizes projects
in the following areas to help preserve the main factors of global equilibrium:
. biodiversity
. climate change
. international waters
. desertification and land degradation
. persistent organic pollutants (POPs)
. the stratospheric ozone layer.
Eligible countries: Bulgaria, Romania, Croatia, Turkey, Ukraine, Serbia and Montenegro, the Russian Federation.
Official website: www.ffem.net/jahia/Jahia/lang/en/pid/224
9 The Japan Special
Fund
The Japan Special Fund of the REC, established in 1993, is a mechanism
through which the Government of Japan supports the Regional Environmental
Center for Central and Eastern Europe (REC) in its efforts to solve the environmental
problems of the Central and Eastern European (CEE) region.
Eligible countries: Bulgaria, Romania, Croatia, Turkey, Ukraine, Serbia and
Montenegro, the Russian Federation.
Official website: www.rec.org/REC/Programs/JSF/Default.html
10 Swedish International
Development Cooperation agency (SIDA)
One of SIDA's most important tasks is to contribute to the development
of rural areas and to the improvement of living conditions there, which involves
helping to raise levels of income, health, education, influence and security.
To this end, SIDA gives support to projects promoting the environmentally
sustainable and productive use of natural resources.
Eligible countries: Croatia, Ukraine, Serbia and Montenegro, the Russian Federation.
Official website: www.sida.se/sida/jsp/sida.jsp?d=144&a=4384&language=en_US
11 Swiss Agency for
Development and Cooperation (SDC)
In a spirit of solidarity, Switzerland is making a contribution
to the reform process in Eastern Europe. Since 1990, the Swiss Parliament
has earmarked three framework credits and three supplementary credits totalling
CHF 3,450 million for political, economic and social transformation in Eastern
Europe. This support aims to build a pluralistic democracy and a market economy
which is both socially and environmentally oriented.
Eligible countries: Bulgaria, Romania, Ukraine, Serbia and Montenegro, the
Russian Federation.
Official website: http://www.sdc.admin.ch/index.php?navID=21848&langID=1&userhash=f74b679ef7e929983ea1fe2a1bc32e28
12 Partners for Environmental
Cooperation (PECE)
Partners for Environmental Cooperation is a UK-based multi-stakeholder
partnership, set up following the most recent ‘Environment for Europe’
conference to tackle the environmental and sustainability challenges in Eastern
Europe, Caucasus and Central Asia. It brings together the knowledge, expertise
and enthusiasm that resides in the UK and matches the respective talents of
the public and private sectors and non-governmental organizations.
Eligible countries: Ukraine, the Russian Federation.
Official website: www.pece.co.uk/en/index.htm
13 Ministry of Foreign
Affairs, Norway
The Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs offers funding to South-Eastern
Europe on environmental matters.
Eligible countries: contact the founder via Ministry of Foreign Affairs of your country.
Official website: http://odin.dep.no/ud/engelsk/
14 European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD)
The EBRD is the largest single investor in central and eastern Europe and the CIS. Direct investments generally range from €5 million to €230 million. Smaller projects are financed both directly by the EBRD and through financial intermediaries. The EBRD provides loan and equity finance, guarantees, leasing facilities and trade finance. The Bank also finances professional development through support programmes.
The EBRD is unique among multilateral financial institutions in that it has had an environmental mandate since its inception. The mandate commits the Bank to finance projects that are environmentally sound and sustainable. 'Environment' is defined by the Bank in its broadest sense to encompass not only ecological impacts but also worker, health, safety and community issues. To promote environmentally sound and sustainable development, the Bank pursues four main strategies:
Official website: http://www.ebrd.com/apply/index.htm
15 European Investment Bank (EIB)
The EIB promotes the environmental policy of the European Union, in particular the EU’s Sixth Environment Action Program. The protection and improvement of the environment is a priority objective of the Bank as outlined. The EIB finances projects that protect and improve the environment, and promote social well-being in the interests of sustainable development. When the Bank finances other kinds of investment, it supports actions that minimize adverse environmental impacts.
Provided they are economically, technically and financially viable, the EIB supports environmental investments that focus on:
In November 2006 the EBRD joined forces with the European Investment Bank to finance projects in the eastern countries of the European Union, leveraging significant EU funds for the ‘eastern neighbours’ and potentially Central Asia with the EBRD’s experience of project financing in the region.
The EBRD will co-finance EIB transactions in Russia, Ukraine, Moldova and the Southern Caucasus, as well as, depending on a new decision of the Council, in Central Asia. The EIB has been authorized by the EU Council to extend loans that could exceed €3.7 billion until 2013 (or about €500 million per year) for co-financing investment projects in this region.
Eligible countries: Ukraine, the Russian Federation, Bulgaria, Romania.
Official website: http://www.eib.org/site/index.asp?designation=environment
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SEENET Poster Competion
'Connecting nature'
